Wastewater Lagoons
Lagoons and ponds refer broadly to basins constructed in, or on the ground surface, using earthen dikes to retain the wastewater within which natural stabilization processes occur with the necessary oxygen coming from atmospheric diffusion, photosynthetic and/or mechanical sources.
Wastewater lagoons have been used as a process for centuries. In the 1920's artificial ponds were designed and constructed to receive and stabilize wastewater. By 1950, the use of ponds had become recognized as an economical wastewater treatment method for small municipalities and industries. As of 1980 approximately 7,000 waste stabilization lagoons were in use in the U.S. Today, one third of all secondary wastewater treatment facilities include a pond system of one type or another. Of these, just over 90% are for flows 1 MGD or less.
Lagoon systems use natural and energy-efficient processes to provide low-cost wastewater treatment. Lagoons are constructed and lined with material, such as clay or an artificial liner, that will prevent leaks to the groundwater below. While in the lagoon, wastewater receives treatment through a combination of physical, biological, and chemical processes. Much of the treatment occurs naturally, but some systems are designed to also use aeration devices that increase the amount of oxygen in the wastewater.
Algae are an intricate critical component of the treatment process. Depending on climate conditions, algae can grow uncontrollably causing oxygen depletion during respiration creating an imbalance in the natural treatment process. Ultrasonic units have been used effectively to aid in stabilizing algae growth. For a free consultation, call 413-531-0393.
- by JoAnn Sanborn - February 2, 2011 -
